An economic indicator is useful only when you understand what it measures, how often it is updated and whether it is revised. GDP, inflation, unemployment, interest rates, trade balances and population statistics answer different questions and should not be interpreted as interchangeable measures of economic health.
When comparing countries, check the period, currency, units, methodology and whether figures are nominal, real, seasonally adjusted or per capita. A percentage change can tell a different story from an absolute value.
Official statistical agencies, central banks and international institutions are generally the best starting point. The external resources below are provided to help readers locate source data; conclusions and decisions should be based on the latest official release and its methodology notes.
GDP, population, trade, poverty and development indicators.
Open resource ↗Create reports, charts and data queries.
Open resource ↗Macroeconomic and financial datasets.
Open resource ↗Economic and social indicators.
Open resource ↗United Nations statistical databases.
Open resource ↗Trade, investment and development data.
Open resource ↗International trade statistics.
Open resource ↗Banking, credit and foreign-exchange data.
Open resource ↗Employment, wages and labor-market data.
Open resource ↗Agriculture, food and land-use data.
Open resource ↗Global health statistics.
Open resource ↗Energy markets and transition data.
Open resource ↗Accessible charts across global topics.
Open resource ↗U.S. and international economic series.
Open resource ↗European Union statistics.
Open resource ↗GDP, trade and industry accounts.
Open resource ↗Inflation, employment and wages.
Open resource ↗UK economy, population and labor data.
Open resource ↗Canadian economic and social statistics.
Open resource ↗Official Japan statistics.
Open resource ↗Official China statistics.
Open resource ↗Indian monetary and economic data.
Open resource ↗African development indicators.
Open resource ↗Asia-Pacific development data.
Open resource ↗Latin America and Caribbean indicators.
Open resource ↗UN population estimates and projections.
Open resource ↗Carbon emissions and climate data.
Open resource ↗Patents, trademarks and innovation data.
Open resource ↗Internet, mobile and digital-connectivity indicators.
Open resource ↗International tourism statistics.
Open resource ↗Spanish research on global economics, geoeconomics, Europe and international affairs.
Open resource ↗Economic research, macroeconomic outlooks, financial markets and Spain-focused analysis.
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